A Healthy Diet is Key to Better Aging

The National Institute on Aging (NIA) explains diet plays a large role in the aging process. To optimize our own health, they recommend we start by understanding the different food groups (published by the USDA); and how each one helps form healthy eating patterns for a particular age group. 

Experts say diet is one aspect of healthy aging and is especially important for seniors who are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes as well as conditions related to loss of bone and muscle mass such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Other aspects of healthy aging include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, and getting a good night’s sleep. 

One of the best food groups that encourage healthy aging is vegetables, which are rich in vitamins and minerals, and carbohydrates. These include dark green vegetables, red and orange vegetables, and starchy vegetables; as well as legumes (beans and peas) that are also found in the protein food group.  

The NIA reports fruits are another critical food group and are not consumed often enough by older adults. Fruits contain carbohydrates along with extra fiber that helps keep the digestive system moving. Recommendations include eating fruits with the skin on but be sure to wash them thoroughly before eating. If you choose to eat fruit in a can, dried or from frozen, choose options lowest in sugar.  

Fiber, a type of carbohydrate the body doesn’t digest, is another healthy food group. It can be found in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and beans. Fiber-rich foods can help prevent stomach or intestinal problems and lower cholesterol.

At least half of our daily intake of grains should be consumed in products made with whole grains. These provide iron and many B vitamins. Examples include whole wheat bread, whole oats, whole bulgur (also known as cracked wheat), and whole cornmeal. 

For protein, it is recommended we choose low-fat meats, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans, nuts, seeds, and soy products. Dairy products help maintain strong bones and provide several vital nutrients including calcium, potassium, and vitamin D. Again, the best choices are low-fat options. Experts say also use oils instead of solid fats, such as butter or lard that are high in saturated fat whenever possible. 

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